Acetaminophen use during pregnancy does not increase risk of autism, ADHD: Review

Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol and Tylenol, is a widely used medication during pregnancy. Despite previous studies suggesting a possible link between acetaminophen use in pregnancy and an increased risk of autism, ADHD, or intellectual disabilities in children, a new comprehensive review published in The Lancet Obstetrics, Gynecology & Women’s Health has found no such association.

The review, which analyzed data from approximately 60 studies, concluded that using acetaminophen as directed during pregnancy does not lead to developmental disorders in children. Dr. Asma Khalil, a co-author of the study and a professor of obstetrics and maternal fetal medicine at St. George’s Hospital in London, emphasized that pregnant women can feel reassured that acetaminophen remains a safe option for pain or fever when used appropriately.

The findings of the review contradict previous claims made by President Donald Trump, who warned against acetaminophen use in pregnancy, citing an alleged link to autism. However, major medical groups have expressed concern that such warnings could discourage pregnant women from using a medication that could benefit them.

The review focused on sibling-comparison studies, which compare siblings born to the same mother where one pregnancy involved acetaminophen use and the other did not. This design helps separate the effects of the drug from other factors, such as genetics and family environment. The review found no association between acetaminophen use during pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, or intellectual disabilities.

It is important to note that untreated symptoms, such as fever, can pose risks to both the pregnant person and the fetus. Acetaminophen is considered the safest option for managing pain or fever during pregnancy, as other pain medications carry their own set of risks.

While the review has limitations, including a lack of studies using sibling-based designs, the findings align with the guidance of professional medical organizations like the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). ACOG advises using acetaminophen as needed, following label instructions, seeking medical guidance when necessary, and monitoring symptoms that prompt the drug’s use.

In conclusion, pregnant women can continue to use acetaminophen as directed for pain or fever during pregnancy, following the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration. It is always advisable to seek medical advice if symptoms persist or worsen.