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Government borrowing for October higher than expected

Rachel Clun
Business reporter


Getty Images People in suits and casual outfits walk across a bridge on a sunny day.
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UK Government Borrowing Higher Than Expected in October

The UK government borrowing exceeded expectations in October, with a total of £17.4bn, as reported by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). Analysts had forecasted a figure closer to £15bn.

These figures come just before Chancellor Rachel Reeves’ Budget announcement, where tax increases and spending cuts are anticipated.

Additionally, retail sales saw a decline in October, attributed to consumers waiting for Black Friday deals.

Economic Outlook

Ruth Gregory from Capital Economics described the latest borrowing and retail sales figures as painting a “grim picture” of the economy. While October’s borrowing was higher than expected, it was lower than the same period last year.

The ONS chief economist, Grant Fitzner, highlighted the offsetting factors contributing to the borrowing figure, emphasizing the need for a balance in government finances.

Despite the decrease from the previous year, October’s borrowing marked the third-highest figure since records began.

In the fiscal year up to October, borrowing reached £116.8bn, showing a significant increase compared to the previous year.


A Bar chart titled 'Government borrowing in October', showing the UK's public sector net borrowing, excluding public sector banks, from October 2020 to 2025. In October 2023, public sector net borrowing stood at £16.4 billion. It then rose to £19.3 billion in October 2024, before falling back to £17.4 billion in October 2025. The source is the Office for National Statistics.

Challenges and Outlook

James Smith from ING highlighted the implications of the borrowing figures on the upcoming Budget, emphasizing the importance of long-term fiscal planning.

Nick Ridpath from the Institute for Fiscal Studies raised concerns about the persistent gap in public finances and the need for prudent financial management to address growing debt burdens.

As the Budget approaches, the pressure is on Chancellor Rachel Reeves to make tough decisions to align with her fiscal rules and ensure sustainable economic growth.

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