Ultra-processed foods linked to higher risk of precancerous polyps, new study finds
New research suggests that consuming ultra-processed foods may increase the risk of developing precancerous colorectal growths in women under 50. A study published in JAMA Oncology followed 29,105 nurses under 50 who underwent colonoscopies between June 1991 and June 2015. Participants filled out questionnaires about their diets every four years, with researchers focusing on two types of precancerous polyps: adenomas and serrated lesions.
The study found that women who consumed an average of three servings of ultra-processed foods per day had a 3% risk of developing a precancerous polyp, while those who consumed 10 or more servings per day had a 5% risk. Adenomas, which can lead to colorectal cancer, were more prevalent in women with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods. However, no significant association was found between ultra-processed foods and serrated lesions.
Ultra-processed foods make up over half of the typical American diet, despite recommendations to limit their consumption. These foods have been linked to various health issues such as diabetes, heart problems, and even premature death. Participants who consumed more ultra-processed foods had higher body mass indexes, were more likely to smoke, and had lower levels of physical activity and essential nutrients like fiber and Vitamin D.
The definition of ultra-processed foods is not set in stone, but they generally include packaged items with minimal whole ingredients and added sugars and artificial sweeteners. Participants in the study who consumed higher amounts of sugary snacks and processed beverages had a higher incidence of adenoma development.
The government is working on defining ultra-processed foods, but a general rule of thumb is to avoid products with ingredients that are difficult to pronounce. Researchers are still investigating how these foods impact the body, with theories suggesting they may alter the gut microbiome leading to inflammation and increased risk of obesity and diabetes, both of which are associated with higher cancer risk.
