Could a global economy dependent on renewable energy see less war? Experts explain

Renewable energy could be the key to mitigating international conflict caused by fossil fuels, according to energy and climate change experts. Oil has historically been a major driver of war, with a significant percentage of interstate conflicts linked to oil. Nearly three-quarters of the world’s population relies on imported fossil fuels, leading to resource competition, terrorism, and scarcity issues.

The recent conflict with Iran highlighted the vulnerabilities of the global economy’s dependence on fossil fuels, particularly when Iran closed the critical Strait of Hormuz, causing oil prices to soar. This conflict underscores the urgent need for a transition to renewable energy to break free from fossil fuel dependence.

Transitioning to renewable energy can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change. Solar energy, in particular, is abundant and can be produced even in cloudy weather. Wind, geothermal, and hydropower are also essential sources of green energy. The shift to renewables not only reduces the risk of conflict over fossil fuel resources but also promotes greater peace between nations.

However, the transition to renewable energy is not without challenges. The production of renewable energy technologies requires critical minerals and metals that are finite and could lead to local tensions in countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo and China. Additionally, the concentration of solar panel manufacturing in China has raised concerns about forced labor and coal power.

Despite these challenges, the global shift to renewables is crucial for addressing climate change and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Until the world transitions away from fossil fuels, conflicts over oil resources will continue. Governments and societies must prioritize decarbonization to ensure a sustainable and peaceful future.