FDA clears emergency use of drug to fight screwworm infections in pets

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has recently granted emergency use authorization for nitenpyram, a medication designed to treat New World screwworm infestations in dogs and cats. This marks a significant milestone as it is the first generic animal drug approved for use against the flesh-eating parasite.

Nitenpyram tablets are suitable for use in dogs and cats that weigh at least two pounds and are at least four weeks old. The FDA made this announcement in a statement released on Thursday. Previously approved by the FDA in 2000 under the brand name Capstar for treating fleas, nitenpyram has now been given emergency use authorization to combat the New World screwworm infestations.

The New World screwworm is a particularly dangerous parasite whose larvae feed on live flesh and fluids instead of dead material. Female screwworm flies lay their eggs in open wounds and mucous membranes, posing a serious threat to warm-blooded animals, including wildlife, pets, and even humans.

Research conducted in Brazil on cats and dogs with screwworm infestations revealed that treatment with nitenpyram resulted in the expulsion of most maggots, with the remaining larvae dying off. The FDA emphasized the importance of having any remaining live or dead larvae removed by a veterinarian after administering nitenpyram tablets to an animal.

While New World screwworm infestations were believed to have been eradicated in the U.S., recent cases have been reported in cattle in Texas and a dog in New Mexico. Nitenpyram is known for its rapid action, with most screwworm larvae being killed within hours of the first dose. Pet owners are advised to administer a second dose six hours after the initial treatment.

It is important to note that nitenpyram’s effects are short-acting and do not provide ongoing protection against new infestations. Therefore, vigilance and regular monitoring for any signs of reinfestation are crucial.

In conclusion, the emergency use authorization of nitenpyram represents a significant advancement in the treatment of New World screwworm infestations in dogs and cats. Pet owners should consult with their veterinarians for proper administration and follow-up care to ensure the health and well-being of their furry companions.

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