Ukrainians thought they had reduced the risks at Chernobyl. Then Russia invaded

PRIPYAT, Ukraine — The Chernobyl nuclear power plant experienced two explosions, separated by decades, both occurring in the middle of the night.

The first explosion, at 1:23 a.m. on April 26, 1986, released a cloud of hazardous radiation that caused widespread alarm in Europe and contributed to the downfall of the Soviet Union. The second explosion, at 1:59 a.m. on Feb. 14, 2025, was attributed to a Russian drone equipped with an explosive warhead. Although not as catastrophic, it reignited concerns amid Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine, striking a site that holds significant historical significance for the country.

The drone struck the outer layer of the New Safe Confinement structure (NSC), a massive archlike shell completed in 2019 to contain the original concrete sarcophagus surrounding damaged Reactor No. 4. Although the fire caused by the drone did not breach the structure, it did damage a low-contamination area. Despite this, radiation levels outside the arch remained stable, and no injuries were reported.

The International Atomic Energy Agency cautioned that the damage could compromise the arch’s 100-year lifespan, disrupting its primary safety function.

Klavdiia Omelchenko, who has worked at the plant for over two decades, reflected on the events of 1986 when she was a young worker residing in the nearby town of Pripyat. She recalled the chaos that ensued following the disaster and her subsequent evacuation. Returning years later to work at the plant, she now faces new fears brought on by recent events.

The Chernobyl plant, which ceased electricity production in 2000, has been safeguarded by the NSC, a vital structure that has been crucial in stabilizing the site. However, Russia’s invasion has disrupted ongoing efforts to maintain and eventually dismantle the aging sarcophagus beneath the NSC.

Despite the challenges posed by these recent events, workers at the plant remain committed to ensuring the safety and security of the facility. The future of Chernobyl and its surrounding areas remains uncertain, but the resilience and dedication of those involved offer hope for the site’s continued preservation.